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volume 51, issue 1, february 2023
1. title: policy dimension: a new concept to distinguish substance from process in the narrative policy framework
authors: johanna kuenzler, bettina stauffer
abstract: this article introduces the distinction between substance (questions of policy design) and process (questions of power in the policy process) to the narrative policy framework (npf). while both occur in existing npf research, so far, they are not separated analytically. we conceptualize them as categories of the �policy dimension,� a new aspect of narrative content. applying this dimension to an exploratory case, we show that such an analysis leads to useful insights for npf scholars. substance policy narrative elements show a debate about a policy's implementation model, whereas process policy narrative elements reveal that this debate is permeated by power conflicts. furthermore, we find that the two categories' occurrence in narratives is influenced by the debate venue, whereas political parties as narrators do not seem to be relevant. the policy dimension allows for new research avenues and provides practitioners with a new tool to understand and intervene in policy debates.
2. title: what's the grand story? a macro-narrative analytical model and the case of swiss child and adult protection policy
authors: bettina stauffer
abstract: this paper expands on the narrative policy framework (npf) by adding a theoretical and empirical exploration into macrolevel narratives. existing npf research largely neglects macrolevel narratives, which prevents the npf from developing its full power. the main contributions of this paper are threefold: (1) it provides a definition of macrolevel narratives by conceptualizing them as the �story form� of a policy paradigm. (2) it proposes a model and an empirical approach, which may lay the foundation for a standard macrolevel npf approach. (3) it contributes to the npf's aim of connecting the macro and meso level. the paper tests the model in a comparative multi-method design applied to the swiss child and adult protection policy. the findings show that macrolevel npf analysis helps understand where mesolevel policy debates come from, namely from an underlying paradigm and its effects on institutions and culture that enable and constrain macrolevel narratives.
3. title: narrative policy images: intersecting narrative & attention in presidential stories about the environment
authors: holly l. peterson
abstract: drawing on ideas about how narratives focus attention, this paper develops a �narrative policy image� using the punctuated equilibrium theory and narrative policy framework explanations of the policy process. the concept of a narrative policy image is applied to test partisan expectations about presidential environmental policy stories in state of the union addresses over 73 years. this research finds that democratic stories focus on problems like climate change and victims and republican stories emphasize solutions like new programs and upholding the status quo. these trends point to potential story types and suggest a narrative policy image, including both narrative components and valence, may be a useful concept for understanding narrative attention in macropolitics.
4. title: narrative strategies in a nondemocratic setting: moscow�s urban policy debates
authors: caroline schlaufer, dilyara gafurova, ekaterina zhiryakova, marina shikhova, nina belyaeva
abstract: the narrative policy framework (npf) explains the role of narratives in policy processes. the npf was developed for democratic contexts and has not been systematically applied in a nondemocratic setting. this study fills this gap with an empirical analysis of narrative strategies used by governmental and oppositional actors in urban policy debates in moscow. results show how governmental actors consistently use angel shifts, contain issues, and avoid using causal mechanisms, while actors opposing governmental policy use devil shifts, expand issues, and use intentional causal mechanisms. the findings suggest that narrative strategies differ depending on whether policy actors seek to promote policy reforms or draw attention to problems. we argue that policy actors� objectives are a well-suited predictor for narrative strategies in both democratic and nondemocratic contexts.
5. title: shifting narrative strategies: how monument advocates change their stories in response to conflict over time
authors: shae rupinsky, madeline schomburg, gabriel chandler, carrington gelardi
abstract: this paper expands the narrative policy framework (npf) by employing an exploratory case study approach to examine the construction of narratives temporally. a large-n twitter dataset concerning the bears ears and grand staircase-escalante monuments controversy is utilized to examine the question: how does the use of narrative strategies change over time? through the application of change-point analysis, we determine time points of significant shifts towards use of the devil-angel shift, scope of the conflict, and causal mechanism strategies. overall, we find that organizations do not vary their use of narrative strategies over the course of a policy conflict but instead demonstrate discrete changes in response to certain policy events. based on our findings, we conclude with suggestions for refining and expanding npf hypotheses. specifically, we recommend a more contextual analysis of shifts in narrative strategy use in response to specific events over time.
6. title: taking perspective of the stories we tell about transgender rights: the narrative policy framework
authors: andrew flores, daniel boden, donald haider-markel, daniel lewis, patrick miller, jami taylor
abstract: our project uses the narrative policy framework (npf) to explore narrative effects on attitudes about transgender rights. the framework focuses on the stories that are told about public policy. as opposed to conceptualizing communications as informational, npf suggests that getting lost in the story is primary for attitude change. we also incorporate a perspective taking exercise to examine its effects on individual attitudes. using an experiment on 1784 american adults, we found that individuals who received the inclusive transgender policy narrative by either watching or reading the narrative held views more supportive of transgender rights, with the effect greater for watching than reading. those who experienced greater narrative transportation, being more lost in the story, reported more supportive attitudes. we further find that those with traits that lead them to become more imaginatively involved in stories occasionally are more greatly affected by watching policy narratives than those who are less imaginatively involved. however, perspective taking did not influence attitudes and weakened the treatment effects of the narratives. our findings suggest stories can affect policy attitudes and beliefs, which may be conceptually distinct from traditional framing-based accounts and implies distinctive causal mechanisms that result in attitude change.
7. title: how racialized policy contact shapes the social constructions of policy targets
authors: elizabeth maltby, rebecca j. kreitzer
abstract: policy feedback scholars argue the relationship between policy and politics is dynamic and reciprocal. for instance, policies �make citizens,� teaching the public who deserves positive government treatment and who does not. furthermore, individual experiences with policy shape participation and beliefs about government, which shapes future policy. but few scholars have examined how experiences with a law shape attitudes toward those targeted by policy. we use a survey of 3000 respondents on mturk (including an over-sample of people of color) to show how direct and indirect experience with policy shapes social constructions of politically relevant groups. specifically, we examine how direct (personal) and indirect (via someone they know well) experience with two policy areas (criminal justice and social welfare) shape perceptions of the targets of criminal justice and welfare policy. we find the effect of policy contact is racialized; policy contact has a greater effect on white respondents compared to black respondents. but despite this contact, whites' attitudes about groups' deservingness remain lower than those of their black counterparts.
8. title: social construction and the diffusion of anti-trafficking laws in the u.s.
authors: robert g. blanton, peter a. jones
abstract: human trafficking is a compelling and persistent problem that has attracted a great amount of attention among political leaders, government institutions, ngos, and nonprofit organizations. while there is consensus that trafficking necessitates a multipronged policy response commonly known as the �3ps� (prosecution, protection, and prevention), anti-trafficking policies diffused across u.s. states in a piecemeal fashion. in this paper, we explore the fragmented diffusion of the different types of anti-trafficking laws. drawing from social constructivist approaches, we posit that the differential diffusion rates depend on the social construction of the target population and policy intention of the law. using event history analysis, we examine the diffusion of 14 types of human trafficking laws throughout the u.s. during 2003�2013. we find strong support for our hypotheses and show substantial differences in the rates at which prosecution, protection, and prevention-related laws diffuse.
9. title: the advocacy coalition index: a new approach for identifying advocacy coalitions
authors: keiichi satoh, antti gronow, tuomas yl�-anttila
abstract: policy scholars have increasingly focused on collaborative and competitive relationships between stakeholder coalitions. the advocacy coalition framework (acf) in particular has directed scholarly attention toward such relationships. the acf defines advocacy coalitions as groups of actors who share beliefs and coordinate their action. however, previous research has been inconsistent in defining and measuring coalitions, which has hampered comparative research and theory building. we present a method called the advocacy coalition index, which measures belief similarity and the coordination of action in a manner that makes it possible to assess the extent to which advocacy coalitions are found in policy subsystems, whether subgroups resemble coalitions, and how individual actors contribute to coalition formation. the index provides a standardized method for identifying coalitions that can be applied to comparative research. to illustrate the effectiveness of the index, we analyze two climate change policy subsystems, namely finland and sweden, which have been shown to differ in terms of the association of belief similarity with coordination. we demonstrate that the index performs well in identifying the different types of subsystems, coalitions, and actors that contribute the most to coalition formation, as well as those involved in cross-coalition brokerage.
10. title: advocacy coalitions, beliefs, and learning: an analysis of stability, change, and reinforcement
authors: christopher m. weible, kristin l. olofsson, tanya heikkila
abstract: policy processes are ongoing phenomena without beginning or end. accordingly, a major focus of research has been on questions of stability and change. this paper continues in this tradition by examining advocacy coalition stability, belief change, and learning. this paper draws on three waves of policy actor surveys that compare panel and non-panel samples. the data were collected in 2013, 2015, and 2017 in the context of oil and gas development in colorado, usa. the findings mostly confirm that coalitions and beliefs tend to be stable and that learning leans toward reinforcement rather than change in beliefs. however, although rare, some instances of belief change, change in coalition membership, and changing policy positions occur. this paper makes theoretical and empirical contributions to the study of stability, change, and reinforcement of advocacy coalitions and their beliefs and charges policy scholars to look more at the exceptions to the evidence rather than the confirmations.
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