-k8凯发棋牌

��ࡱ�>�� ^`����]��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������u �r��$bjbj�n�n24��a��a� �������""������������8�,%�ol99999mmm�n�n�n�n�n�n�n$np�$s<�n�mmmmm�n��994�n555m�9�9�n5m�n5559����` !�������s5mn�n0o5`s�f`s55d1`s�yk�mm5mmmmm�n�n�`mmmommmm��������������������������������������������������������������������`smmmmmmmmm"q s: american sociological review volume 89, issue 2, april 2024 1. title: safe as houses: financialization, foreclosure, and precarious homeownership in the united states authors: walker nelson kahn abstract: the financialization of the u.s. economy has had important implications for household well-being, but the mechanisms connecting financialization and precarity have not been fully identified. this research identifies mortgage foreclosure as a nexus connecting macro-level financialization to an array of downstream consequences for homeowners and asks (1) how mortgage securitization, a key technology of financialization, enabled new foreclosure practices; and (2) how these practices affect housing precarity among homeowners at risk of foreclosure. to answer these questions, i analyze court records, interviews with key participants, and primary source documents to examine the evolution of mortgage foreclosure in cook county, illinois, from 1992 to 2006. i find that as mortgage securitization transformed the social and economic relations between borrowers and lenders, foreclosure became actively managed as both a driver of costs and a source of profits, and loan administrators and their attorneys worked to reduce costly borrower protections. these changes increased housing precarity by making foreclosure more frequent and more rapid. 2. title: learning to think like an economist without becoming one: ambivalent reproduction and policy couplings in a masters of public affairs program authors: tim hallett, matthew gougherty abstract: in recent years, sociologists have labored to understand how economists have gained influence over policymaking. we extend this research by shifting focus from the matter of influence to the matter of policy training. granted that economists already have influence, how do future policy professionals learn economic rationales? how is this mindset transmitted to hesitant students? by asking these questions, we bring socialization back into institutional research on �new� professionals. utilizing data from an ethnography of a masters of public affairs program, we find that students learn economics through a process of �ambivalent reproduction�: they learn to �think like an economist without becoming one.� they remain skeptical and reject the notion that they are economists, and when they use economics in their future policy work they do so in limited ways. nonetheless, ambivalent reproduction sustains the policy status-quo and allows economics to remain influential without true belief. ambivalent reproduction provides a new means for understanding the loosely coupled influence of economics on policy, and it contributes to the sociology of economics, inhabited institutionalism, and professional socialization. 3. title: �stepping-stone� versus �dead-end� jobs: occupational structure, work experience, and mobility out of low-wage jobs authors: ted mouw, arne l. kalleberg, michael a. schultz abstract: does working in a low-wage job lead to increased opportunities for upward mobility, or is it a dead-end that traps workers? in this article, we examine whether low-wage jobs are �stepping-stones� that enable workers to move to higher-paid jobs that are linked by institutional mobility ladders and skill transferability. to identify occupational linkages, we create two measures of occupational similarity using data on occupational mobility from matched samples of the current population survey (cps) and data on multiple dimensions of job skills from the o*net. we test whether work experience in low-wage occupations increases mobility between linked occupations that results in upward wage mobility. our analysis uses longitudinal data on low-wage workers from the 1979 national longitudinal study of youth (nlsy) and the 1996 to 2008 panels of the survey of income and program participation (sipp). we test the stepping-stone perspective using multinomial conditional logit (mcl) models, which allow us to analyze the joint effects of work experience and occupational linkages on achieving upward wage mobility. we find evidence for stepping-stone mobility in certain areas of the low-wage occupational structure. in these occupations, low-wage workers can acquire skills through work experience that facilitate upward mobility through occupational changes to skill and institutionally linked occupations. 4. title: cultural tariffing: appropriation and the right to cross cultural boundaries authors: abraham oshotse, yael berda, amir goldberg abstract: why are some acts of cultural boundary-crossing considered permissible whereas others are repudiated as cultural appropriation? we argue that perceptions of cultural appropriation formed in response to the emergence of cultural omnivorousness as a dominant form of high-status consumption, making boundary-crossing a source of cultural capital. consequently, the right to adopt a practice from a culture that is not one�s own is determined on the basis of the costs and benefits one is presumed to accrue. people express disapproval at boundary-crossing if they believe it devalues or extracts value at the expense of the target culture. we call this process cultural tariffing. we test our theory in a between-subject experimental design, demonstrating that individuals who enjoy a privileged social position, as inferred from their social identity or socioeconomic status, have less normative latitude to cross cultural boundaries. this is explained by perceptions that these actors are either devaluing or exploiting the target culture. while symbolic boundaries and cultural distinction theories are inconsistent with our results, we find that americans who are disenchanted about group-based social mobility are the most likely to be outraged by cultural boundary-crossing. cultural tariffing, we therefore posit, is a form of symbolic redistribution. 5. title: honor among crooks: the role of trust in obfuscated disreputable exchange authors: oliver schilke, gabriel rossman abstract: when people want to conduct a transaction, but doing so would be morally disreputable, they can obfuscate the fact that they are engaging in an exchange while still arranging for a set of transfers that are effectively equivalent to an exchange. obfuscation through structures such as gift-giving and brokerage is pervasive across a wide range of disreputable exchanges, such as bribery and sex work. in this article, we develop a theoretical account that sheds light on when actors are more versus less likely to obfuscate. specifically, we report a series of experiments addressing the effect of trust on the decision to engage in obfuscated disreputable exchange. we find that actors obfuscate more often with exchange partners high in loyalty-based trustworthiness, with expected reciprocity and moral discomfort mediating this effect. however, the effect is highly contingent on the type of trust; trust facilitates obfuscation when it is loyalty-based, but this effect flips when trust is ethics-based. our findings not only offer insights into the important role of relational context in shaping moral understandings and choices about disreputable exchange, but they also contribute to scholarship on trust by demonstrating that distinct forms of trust can have diametrically opposed effects.     $&./169;<=?h�����ʸʦʸ��tl_qc6qhj�5�ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h!@�5�cjojqj^jajh 2e5�cjojqj^jaj#hjq�hjq�5�cjojqj^jaj#h1#fh1#f5�cjojqj^jaj#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj h$-�5�cjojqj^jajo(#hjq�hjq�5�cjojqj^jaj<=>��j k � ��]�#${�[��$�����������������������gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gdt4������i j k l n t u � � � �  ������˽�����|��l|��l|^�peh%j,5�ojqjo(hihu<�ojqj^jo(hih�l$ojqj^jo(hvi�h�l$5�ojqj^jo(h�l$h�l$5�ojqj^jh�l$5�ojqj^jo(hj�5�ojqjo(hiht4ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�ojqj^jhihj�ojqj^jo(h�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jht45�ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�5�ojqj^jhicy5�ojqj^j�������\]ef����"#$%'-.z����������д�zobtf9�h$?�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h$?�5�ojqj^jh�"�h%j,5�ojqj^jhs/�5�ojqj^jo(h%j,5�ojqjo(hihanojqj^jhjq�hjq�ojqj^jh� )hto�ojqj^jo(hvi�hto�5�ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�5�ojqj^jhjq�hjq�5�ojqj^jo(hto�hto�5�ojqj^j hto�hto�h�"�h�`�5�ojqj^jhto�5�ojqj^jo(z{������ z[cd�������⹬���xj�\nj�\>hvi�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hvi�h�ps5�ojqj^jh�k�h�k�5�ojqj^jh�psh�ps5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�ps5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(hvi�h%j,ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�ojqj^jh� )h$?�ojqj^jo(hjq�hjq�5�ojqj^jh$?�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h$?�5�ojqj^jhvi�h$?�5�ojqj^jo(����$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�������������h�!�jh�!�uh5hj<ojqj^jo(h5h5ojqj^jh}onh)w�ojqj^jo(h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^j �$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$����������gd)w�gd� 01�82p��. ��a!�"�#��$��%��s�� ��s2���� 0@p`p������2(�� 0@p`p������ 0@p`p������ 0@p`p������ 0@p`p������ 0@p`p������ 0@p`p��8x�v~�������� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@�� 0@pj_hmh nhsh thj`��j ck�e $1$a$ cjkh_hajmh nhsh th$a ���$ ؞���k=�w[sobi���b nf�h�&��ŝ�]�6��ҩ��n=���in����a7���qb&>!"�h [�� �lx�z)��w�v�og�%�ţ|8mă#�/��8��'��=���q�u*��c�`c�w{�d6��/�[��yl���%�� ��n� {�\�o�sm�/�~��i�bcax���/=x e��'5��&\�h�4da���,ye\}�)�l�a�����r�^��*�z���y�v-wowz�n�]��:m�v�=t�c���w��r�b���*i�v�u�r��u����|�nc`�|����*^����pk! ѐ��'theme/theme/_rels/thememanager.xml.rels��m �0���wooӻ�&݈э���5 6?$q�� �,.�a��i����c2�1h�:�q��m��@rn��;d�`��o7�g�k(m&$r(.1�r'j��њt���8��v�"��aȼ�h�u}��|�$�b{��p����8�g/]�qasم(����#��l�[������pk-!����[content_types].xmlpk-!�֧��6 0_rels/.relspk-!ky���theme/theme/thememanager.xmlpk-!���f���theme/theme/theme1.xmlpk-! ѐ��'� theme/theme/_rels/thememanager.xml.relspk]� �4���� ��z��$�$�$�@� @���������h ��0�( � ����0�( � ��b �s ���� ?�xh��o_dm��cs��  � � j n x � ������kr|������������3>���������$&./169;>>h����jkku���� � � � � \ ] ] f � � "$$.z{{���z[[d������q04e��n[g],-�o�����`<|��o";0ri1�%�rrsui��w�i�= {u�,� uz*�m� �r=��-9h�s��eme�.~�� {r�v �4�1l2q �"�i aha��og>�u��`�1_%v��nh{��q��u�3�d]-�z:kkkkn;�q0�<�?*� 7��:a��^b�hb�:n�� �l{��2h�(�#!�q��m4-cqrrs�4>�p]�sao-�?��yn�b~i�(��)ib��>!]�.�` rv:g&>!��}n!�l��2�"�0r��\�|�md-%;�blrbr]�a 6ji� ��vj�`�[jo 5j90�ry �:[� k 3q-r�jx 8i� tp� k�|�2~� ��y��k� ?i��� * �? = ��#? >?� ?*� @�4le� dw" �� �z�g�kd �2�^e �-h�x �w��t� bs &�x� -z�y� �w� i�>�:-� �u kkkkdw" q�x�-h� k^r� �^�vxb� �=#�/y�pur ���� ��'ff�x�3��:n�-z�d�y�(��)fk{z��fv��-�p�'�e��4�!~q�2h`�?i��be��@��fk-<"��l�q��w7>��u��y/�x{��]^�~76=&����` [� ��rh&<�^��oc!��d{�/�"���[��h�2��d���t��w�8i� (f�tl(����}�t�a9�~�8� �7l��4�";�g)n��p7v}g�xd|��&�h�w�a�g�b�u�d\*�)#jb�l�d� )r�}��w�gl$l��r�qh� v���/xcz.�^m~;�|p%�fzps7l�ps�#���<>)��s��vj��h5h 5� a�l[�x� xcz�be�yfdxl�y��raj>�n�cr%v��h�a9�� !`��}<�q�}q =�7y]��r�-��.��zf�7�� �e �o[kh,~�hmpm~� mg�=�j��>m�?[%��'w�jo8�l�y2\gqwez ��p]74�`a��m�!�|z��z:�*��b!�g;cq�qq�h�nk^r a�x�t an�gap�y8��x� ��\��s��d���z��j�vzq��t\ ~��av'po�_m4�i�w��tkpb�` rq1��yn�pur �p}�q:{ �d� �� urep�&>!�z[fxx)!�b!x{�ec!�t�k��oc!�v�>b(p!� ]!�3�l� �!nr�q�m�!�j#�g-�!�f�d�[z"�u&z�6'�"�zy�q �"ji�_��m�"� ]!�&�"�)��/�"|z�s\�"=v�g��~#�)9~��k#� � �i3#�#? �=#�i\;�j#p%�sh�#���2k�#�|�#ry �ps�#pb��9�#�sa�d $��yj!4$�`�%�qg$�ep$�"e<@v�$:*�$�[��p�$�]'��?[>�?z]%�`�%vd�i1�%�lyk-,�%�,�=��l�%�z�@�x�%�!0��e&poq�bs &�b*&t�(6=&�'w�rh&2\�qp&nyvc��t�&��&�]'�ep$�tw�'~d:(�r�'�kl��>�'��5�l�'�taz��w (r�@�~d:(� _(it~tl(�x�,�dm�(�t�(�pi�(��]�a#�(�j�`�<>)^e ��w)!,�f���)�l�%��)mq{�"*�^�i��le*^l�x�ne*n9��^�*�:8t��[? �v ��o�(s� qh� �`� q�f� � {p���c,@�i��#,�dq[mk, @p�qb,�d&d� �,�>m��x�,� {u�,�@�q>,-�m4-rt�h�fk-�r�-�j�n�2@�-�ggc���-x*�y���->o.-dt��t�.��z]�.�x��<}7/d|���y/ds}���/: o=tj�/0�u0{z�o�!0�ran 0gy|�5j90�$�}�;1�0��efw2 �z��>2"o�m�29!"e�w�2�f\�h�2n�~�w�3ui�� �3dj�u�3��x@�4�;�4�d5��p�4@l�5h 5�^b^� -a5�pv5�d5tw�'��5��5md-�b�5i�d��v�5 -a5�a 6�`d�#6ghch�81�6�&7��6�a�r!�6q1���@�6xx�6)1:t�&7�x�\�~74\�7bd9t=r�7��gr f8c�]��jo8t�8c�r��~�8�� �8��b�n9?oi�q�9�a:�kx_�s�:kkkk�3�:�!�q�o";�4mjj o;�i\;�%�|c;�q��viu;�ru�;�~7��p<�!@<�p<�[u�u�`fr>�>�'�w7>i�>r]��v�>lrb�mt?<#iq!{�?p[5=�tf�?�t�&�?�*��o-�?�mt?�s�? u|3e�?�-x{�8�?�@}��*.}@��)�� �@�w7>��-�@�t�`�r�@g��z�@z]%hag;��:a�s6ay8���doahu�(�a�le*�&e�ana��.�an���a�$,&d]�t�d�l�d|1�q�i�dbl#g�>e�\���ez�v�n�e�v ��'�e�#�c�hfs�]�=bdf�^^n��z[f�y� ��f�"�o w~g� l`�#�g�{9=��g=v�g�o�t�{s h�-h�pv5p@h�og�ghch'\l��&�h�t�e�hoaq�!~q��y#%�q@gku�nr�q �q� �qqg$�r)b;r�,�q��0hr�l��zwr� {r;1�0��y{r�i�r�� �(u�r�$atc�rxcs�#sw/�=fzps8ts)b;r��ts�#�g3%�s�{�s�;�4�t>!t�w7>��g/t�4>�:8t�gn�bd9t]z[t� �m��td $�`�t�s��,!u�rdi�@gku�u0 g�u���uxcsfc�u�p<�>�uc;�rxyyv�d�^�v4�o�v�j$w�w�w�6�x�m�2:3�x�q�y���x�3�:��o�x�#s^l�x\<�jg�xq>,- q�x�}<��x_/,j�zy��t��`-y<myv ��q�yv^mc���y< z�&xfk{z�kd  �zhp�� [�enx�:[�=�^�` [�0�[(>y��f\�?\i�(��\�m��x�\~�f<1/�\�s��(v�\�7y]�>aqs�]���c�]hv�i���]viu;�]^ph$^�^b^�`.�^�=�^�1_�kx_�a9�ji�_l{�� !`�qb,�� l`�y`� ��t�`�=�}�j�`�qq��u�`�>�`_m�t a��&na[mk,�9a��q���a��5��>�asq�y�3j�a�zwr�a�t� 3b@�z��)ib�u~b1�h��u�b�~#�%;�b@v�$03cd.�b�ggcg-�!�va�c�^����c(�a�u�c�0hr��#�c�j$wvd0q|�`d�d&d�@�m�f�d,-�zn�d�|�#�9!"e2k�#�g e�/e� * ^ee����l\e�>e��eme�hgqwe�u �t�edu�efd��&fji�,\f<}7/��zfs{tq�f3%�s!,�fqx{~�fxx�6�a�f6�f< z�bl#g�^blkqg�j9r��g8|k=�z�g�-9h�k?oi�u�<mebi�rdi�b*&��b~i�y{r4�i�`-y�^�ix�u�nf�i�~7djtj�/v,�j�8�?w�j�`�t�=�j�4�q\<�j�dk�g�tkz l!{�?�klv:g��3�l<|�<ie�lj l�^(m��k��.�mz*�ma�� �m�hn�y`�gn� �!�g)nfr>��^^nv��, mn�kj>�nh#�n�gv'po� ���"�o�"�o6gp�e �oh��.�o�r��v�o mg���o]z[thptf�?(ap(s� @p�[? bep=r�7�c�p�qp&��dq�vzq� �<#iq�!�q� ���qq =��,�q�w�#!�q{s h�4�q�a�f�l�q|1�q6s�~r�q3q-rie�l��j9r �3�c;�rn[g� �r�-�@�y0�sb(p!��s{fm-dt�y�)1:to �v�$at�6�x� 0w?0w?0w?0w?�.�t�/e��t(ap�}�t�o�t�u2�&xph$^�enx�ux�p<�[�x, mnf�x&xn �x�0�<�=.y6�f�� oyrgox*�y�x�u��yd]-sq�y7���yxl�y�t�.��y];yw��y�w��u&z�*n{��tazr=��whkzjx �.tzji��z@�z�.�o���z�`�o��%�z�q�wv{�nh{$,&d�*n{�s�?mq{ hr{��6�jbs{�-x{qx{�@�6m�{�d��0q|�~�vgy|��s� u|�[|�w)�\�| w~g;�|�g ek�|�.�t�y>�|b�5�ds}xyyvay}�p}�r>�$�}dm�(�m�}j<�v��=�}jbs{�q�}\ ~ �=�h,~03c��)9~whkzit~�;�~j{�~0�n�n�~l�s{t�<(>y\*�4e�z �j�{p�4\�7��(k�i����x ��m�j�����[w�3`2 r� �p j^ �n�_ati�5wb��.h j<sh�to>s�r#�l$�}&�m'�m(� )�g)%j,�p.�i/�2�z2'4t4.6�6*8;i8cj8�9�i;�e=k&>e!@jj@r7a�ec�nd�ud1#fvf0 i4tj�kul%man�%smkxk ygy�py�]�^ro_5a�7ahc 2e�lf�qf�)gjmi�ckalthllmnnm}on[r�ps0@ui1vywicy�x}�/�wt�mw��=��=��`�j�nj��9�l�.~�v�=h��j��~�du�� �=i�fj�to�4��m��2�)w����l�lz� ��c�7�u<�[��!��t��r�������cb��^�v��k��\�a�vi�|w�r�����$?��n�� ��!�s/�jq�� ��8�*��-��_�$-��f�><����r��c�7"����s�?5����"�gl�bj�h��-��� ��"�l%�w� p�!@��c�2����y�� ��e�`-�|����@�;;;;��@��unknown������������g��.�[x� �times new roman5��symbol3.� �.�[x� �arial7.� ��[ @�verdana;���(�[sosimsuna����$b�cambria math 1��h;"�f���g�\f\3f\3�-!),.:;?]}����    & 6"0000 0 0 00000��� � �����=�@�\�]�^���([{�  0 0 00000��;�[������������ 2�q��hp��?�����������������������"�2!xx��kw ���userlib-x�� �����oh�� '��0t������� ��   (4<dl�usernormallib-x149microsoft office word@(s�0@�y��\�@z����f\�� ��՜.�� ,��0� x`t|�� ����� microsoft3�  ���� !"����$%&'()* ,-./0123456789:;<=>?@abcdefghijkl����nopqrst����vwxyz[\��������_������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������root entry�������� �fp�*���a�data ������������1table����#`sworddocument����24summaryinformation(������������mdocumentsummaryinformation8��������ucompobj������������n������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ ���� �fmicrosoft word 97-2003 �ĵ� msworddocword.document.8�9�q
网站地图